A visual diagram explaining the core principles of priority in a longsword exchange, based on the official FEBUS rules.
An exchange begins when one fencer takes the initiative with a valid offensive action.
A committed, uninterrupted offensive action with the arms extending towards an open target, supported by footwork. This establishes priority. Even a technically imperfect attack must be tackled.
An attack initiated with feints to provoke a parry, creating a new opening. Priority is maintained if the action is continuous and threatening.
An attack that first takes control of the opponent's blade (e.g., a Beat Attack or a Bind) to create a safe opening for the final offensive action.
All attacks must include forward motion - never backwards or stationary.
Once an attack has priority, the defender must respond. Their choice determines the outcome.
The defender correctly parries the attack and immediately launches a riposte without hesitation. Priority is transferred to the defender for the riposte. The riposte may be direct, indirect, or compound, but any remise must hit one tempo before the final action of a compound riposte.
Counter-attacks can be valid if they result in a clean hit (no double). This includes properly timed stop-hits, counter-attacks with opposition, or successfully avoiding the opponent's attack. If both fencers are hit, priority remains with the original attacker.
Certain actions can preempt or alter the flow of the exchange.
A static threat with the point aimed at the opponent, established before the opponent's attack begins. An attacker must first deflect the blade before their own attack can gain priority. Running onto an established point is a fault.
An attack that takes priority by exploiting the opponent's preparation (e.g., a wide wind-up, a step without extending the sword, or a grip adjustment).
A counter-attack that hits before the opponent begins the final movement of a compound attack. Timing is critical for the Stop Hit to gain priority.
Test your knowledge. Describe a fencing exchange below and let our AI referee analyze it based on the official FEBUS rules.